Discussion:
4g og antænde til bedere modtagelse
(for gammel til at besvare)
Glenn
2013-10-03 18:12:01 UTC
Permalink
( Svar sendes til: dk.edb.netvaerk.traadloest )
Jeg har søgt en del på google, for kun at opdage at jeg ikke kan finde
op og ned på alle de mange produkter der kan forberede g4 modtagelse,
bor ca. 5 km. nord for Nakskov (vest Lolland) ca. Højde: 6,2m over
havets overflade (set fra huset selv, noget nede i et hul (Så jeg unders
om kortet er korrekt)). Inde i Nakskov ved nærmeste mast til mig lover
TDC dæknings-kort en dækning på 25 - 71 Mgbit/s (Højde over havets
overflade: 4,3m), men 5 km. ude til mig er dækningen kun 0,2 - 4 Mgbit/s
ifølge deres dæknings kort
Kan man købe noget udstyr der kan forbedrede 4g signalet fra 0,2 - 4
Mgbit/s til noget bedre ved at sætte en på 1.salen eller på taget?
Hilsen en Johnni, der kun kan få 4,5 Mgbit over kobberkabler
Hej Johnni

PS: Jeg har ikke selv prøvet at sætte ekstern antenne på modem/smartphone.

Der er følgende krav:

(1) modem/smartphone skal have eksternt antennestik.

(2) modem/smartphone skal forbindes tæt på antennen. 10-20 meter kabel
har formentlig for meget dæmpning.

(3) Da det er TDC skal din "helgarderingsantenne" dække ca. 792-2690MHz.
(
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMTS_frequency_bands#UMTS-FDD_Frequency_bands_and_channel_bandwidths
)

(4) Stiksamlinger skal laves af en god amatør eller af professionelle
folk, da 800 MHz - og især 2690 MHz stiller store krav til samlinger og
ledningsmontagen skal være "knækfri", da en bøjning på mindre end ca.
5-10 radius, vil give reflektion og dæmpning. Reflektionen kan i værste
fald brænde udgangstrinnet - og i bedste fald skruer den "blot" ned for
sendestyrken med dårligere forbindelse under sending - og modtagese til
følge.

-

Det vil være en stor fordel at få en modem/smartphone med to
antenneindgange da de så kan anvendes til fx
antenne-"Spatial"/"pattern"/polatisation "diversity":

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_diversity
Citat: "...
Spatial diversity employs multiple antennas, usually with the same
characteristics, that are physically separated from one another.
Depending upon the expected incidence of the incoming signal, sometimes
a space on the order of a wavelength is sufficient.
...
Pattern diversity consists of two or more co-located antennas with
different radiation patterns.
...
A polarisation difference of 90° will result in an attenuation factor of
up to 34dB in signal strength. By pairing two complementary
polarizations, this scheme can immunize a system from polarization
mismatches that would otherwise cause signal fade. Additionally, such
diversity has proven valuable at radio and mobile communication base
stations since it is less susceptible to the near random orientations of
transmitting antennas.
..."

http://web.archive.org/web/20060427002449/www.tvhandbook.com/support/pdf_files/Chapter17_7.pdf
Citat: "...
Diversity is only of value for the relatively rapid fading caused by
multipath. This kind of fading is encountered extensively at HF and for
tropospheric and iono- spheric scatter propagation at higher
frequencies. Similarly, mobile vehicles passing through a static
multipath field at VHF and UHF encounter such fading as a result of
their motion.
..."

-

Antenneplacering:

Med så fri sigt til en eller flere (TDC-)master. Så højt som muligt. Så
lidt løv som muligt - især ved 2,6GHz.

-

Antennematerialevalg:

Plasten testes i en mikrobølgeovn med et glas vand ved siden af. Hvis
plasten bliver varm i mikrobølgeovnen er den uegnet
antenne(støtte)materialevalg. Glasset med vand sikrer at mikrobølgeovnen
ikke brænder af. Kan ikke huske testtiderne.

-

Antennevalg:

Bredbåndet og retningsbestemt - men kan være rundstrålende.

-

Eksempler:

Helical-antenne - meget let at lave selv - stor forstærkning kan opnås,
men kan kun dække 1:1,5 i båndbredde - kig efter 2,4GHz wifi DIY
antenner og skaler til 2,6GHz eller 1710-2170MHz eller 800MHz båndet.
Dog cirkulært polariseret, men det gør ikke så meget:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helical_antenna


How to Make a Simple 2.425GHz Helical Aerial for Wireless ISM Band Devices:
http://web.archive.org/web/20130326112456/http://helix.air.net.au/index.php/d.i.y.-2.4ghz-helical-antenna
http://www.wireless.org.au/~jhecker/helix/

-

LPDA - kan laves selv max. ca 10dBd (retningsbestemt):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-periodic_antenna

-

Discone - relativ let at lave selv - ikke så høj forstærkning:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discone_antenna


Type: Discone antenna 850-6000 MHz:
http://360antenna.com/pdf/360-Antenna_SAMPLE_Discone-Testing.pdf
"...
Next, after a variety of ferrites were tried, the cavity between the
cone and the base was filled with Carbon Foam absorber, which greatly
reduced feedline coupling. Modified as described, the antenna was
tested, and the following data generated.
..."

-

Parabolantenne - Kan laves med bredbåndet fødeantenne/horn:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_antenna

-

Hold dig fra yagi(-uda)-antenner - de er besværlige - især som bredbåndet.

/Glenn
Glenn
2013-10-03 18:17:51 UTC
Permalink
Kig også på:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-range_Wi-Fi#References

/Glenn
Glenn
2013-10-03 18:24:44 UTC
Permalink
Post by Glenn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-range_Wi-Fi#References
/Glenn
Og:

High Gain Wi-fi Helical Antenna
A Unique Antenna for Distant 802.11 Connections:
http://www.ab9il.net/wlan-projects/wifi3A.html
Citat: "...
At this point, helical wi-fi antenna is ready for its smoke test...plug
in the cables and look for some signals! Theoretical gain of the
prototype helical was about 18 dB over an isotropic radiator; it beat my
biquad by about 7 to 13 RSSI units, and indeed seemed less sensitive to
polarization and rainfall. Signals still seem to fluctuate much from
second to second. [derfor bør diversity anvendes]
..."

Long Range Wi-fi Dish Antenna
A Wi Fi Dish for Extreme Long Range Links:
http://www.ab9il.net/wlan-projects/wifi3.html
Citat: "...
Such a large 2 or 3 meter diameter wi-fi dish can provide 802.11
connections to access points dozens of kilometers away (if the path is
line of sight).
...
These wi fi dish antennas are very directional! It is common to scan an
area and see weak signals just barely detectable when out of the beam.
As the antenna is aimed directly at the distant access point, the signal
strength will jump up considerably - perhaps to full scale. High
directivity associated with wi fi dish antennas is good: interference
from off center stations is reduced and distant access points are
reachable at broader bandwidths.
..."

http://www.seattlewireless.net/index.cgi/LongShots

/Glenn
Glenn
2013-10-05 11:43:23 UTC
Permalink
Post by Glenn
( Svar sendes til: dk.edb.netvaerk.traadloest )
...
Post by Glenn
Plasten testes i en mikrobølgeovn med et glas vand ved siden af. Hvis
plasten bliver varm i mikrobølgeovnen er den uegnet
antenne(støtte)materialevalg. Glasset med vand sikrer at mikrobølgeovnen
ikke brænder af. Kan ikke huske testtiderne.
...
Post by Glenn
http://web.archive.org/web/20130326112456/http://helix.air.net.au/index.php/d.i.y.-2.4ghz-helical-antenna
http://www.wireless.org.au/~jhecker/helix/
...

Så blev mikrobølgeovns testtiderne fundet:

Citat: "...
The PVC tube I used didn't get hot in the microwave oven even after two
minutes, so it shouldn't absorb any signal from the WaveLAN. Test your
tube (or other tube shaped materials you will use as an aerial winding
former (not metal)) in the microwave for a minute (with a small glass of
water too) and make sure it[plasten] doesn't get warm or hot. If it
does, it's no good for making an aerial with.
..."

/Glenn
Hansen
2013-11-28 19:40:07 UTC
Permalink
Post by Glenn
Post by Glenn
( Svar sendes til: dk.edb.netvaerk.traadloest )
...
Post by Glenn
Plasten testes i en mikrobølgeovn med et glas vand ved siden af. Hvis
plasten bliver varm i mikrobølgeovnen er den uegnet
antenne(støtte)materialevalg. Glasset med vand sikrer at mikrobølgeovnen
ikke brænder af. Kan ikke huske testtiderne.
...
Post by Glenn
http://web.archive.org/web/20130326112456/http://helix.air.net.au/index.php/d.i.y.-2.4ghz-helical-antenna
http://www.wireless.org.au/~jhecker/helix/
...
Citat: "...
The PVC tube I used didn't get hot in the microwave oven even after two
minutes, so it shouldn't absorb any signal from the WaveLAN. Test your
tube (or other tube shaped materials you will use as an aerial winding
former (not metal)) in the microwave for a minute (with a small glass of
water too) and make sure it[plasten] doesn't get warm or hot. If it does,
it's no good for making an aerial with.
..."
/Glenn
Loading...